Edexcel GCSE Biology - by BBC bitesize

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Key concepts in biology

Cell structure 10 Sub-Topics

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Animal cells

Plant cells

Bacterial cells

Specialised animal cells

Light microscopes

Electron microscopes

Maths – quantitative units

Maths – number, size and scale

Core practical 1 – analysing biological specimens using microscopes

Enzymes 3 Sub-Topics

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Enzymes

Effect of temperature, substrate concentration and pH on reaction rate

Core practical – Investigating the effect of pH on enzyme activity

Transport in cells 9 Sub-Topics

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Diffusion

The rate of diffusion

Investigating the effect of concentration on rate of diffusion

Osmosis

Core practical – Investigating osmosis in potatoes

Maths – Simple compound measures of rate

Maths – Calculating percentage gain and loss of mass in osmosis

Active transport

Comparing diffusion, osmosis and active transport

Cells and control

Cell division 9 Sub-Topics

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DNA and chromosomes

Mitosis and the cell cycle

The stages of mitosis in detail

Cancer and carcinogens

Cell differentiation

Monitoring growth

Stem cells

Using human stem cells

Benefits and risks associated with the use of stem cells in medicine

Coordination and control – The nervous system 4 Sub-Topics

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The structure and function of the nervous system

The reflex arc

The brain

Genetics

Reproduction, the genome and gene expression 8 Sub-Topics

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Advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction

Meiosis

From DNA to genomes

Extracting DNA from fruit

DNA structure and making proteins

Protein synthesis

Effect of genetic variants on phenotype

Variation and the effect of mutation

Genetic inheritance – part one 8 Sub-Topics

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Mutation and variation

Mutations

Understanding of genetics including the work of Mendel

Genetic inheritance

Carrying out a genetic cross

How to construct Punnett squares

Family trees

Calculations – Using probability, direct proportion and simple ratios

Genetic inheritance – part two 8 Sub-Topics

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Inheritance of blood groups

Sex determination

Sex-linked disorders – Higher

The Human Genome Project

Selective breeding

Cloning in plants

Cloning in animals

Agricultural solutions to the demands of a growing population

Natural selection and genetic modification

Evolution 9 Sub-Topics

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Darwin’s theory of evolution

Darwin and Wallace

Evidence for evolution – Resistant bacteria

Evidence of evolution – Rock fossils

Evidence for human evolution

Tools as evidence for human evolution

The pentadactyl limb

Linnaean system of classification

Impact of modern developments of classifying systems

Genetic modification 3 Sub-Topics

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Genetic modification

The process of genetic engineering – Higher

Potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering

Health, disease and the development of medicines

Communicable disease 9 Sub-Topics

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Health

Pathogens

Life cycle of a virus

How to prevent the spread of diseases

Sexually-transmitted infections

Plant disease 3 Sub-Topics

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Pathogens as causes of plant diseases

Identification of pathogens – Higher

Plant defences

Treating, curing and preventing disease 12 Sub-Topics

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Defence against infection

The immune system defends against disease

Immunisations

Herd immunity

Advantages and disadvantages of immunisation

Maths skills – Extracting and interpreting information

Antibiotics

Antibiotic resistance

Bacterial growth in cultures

Maths – Bacterial calculations

Core practical

Maths skills

Making medicines 5 Sub-Topics

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The discovery of new drugs

The development and testing of new drugs

Production of monoclonal antibodies – Higher

Uses of monoclonal antibodies

Benefits, limitations and ethics of monoclonal antibodies – Higher

Non-communicable diseases 11 Sub-Topics

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Different types of diseases

Causal mechanisms

Cancers

Smoking and cardiovascular disease

Effects of alcohol on liver and brain function

Effects of lifestyle factors on cardiovascular disease and diabetes

Maths – The principles of sampling

Maths – Bar charts

Maths – Line graphs

Ways of treating cardiovascular disease

Evaluation of different treatment methods

Plant structures and their functions

Photosynthesis 8 Sub-Topics

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What is photosynthesis?

Factors affecting photosynthesis – light intensity

Factors affecting photosynthesis – carbon dioxide and temperature

Different factors limiting the rate of photosynthesis – Higher

Required practical activity 6 – light intensity and photosynthesis

Scientific calculations – using photosynthesis graphs

Scientific calculations – direct and inverse proportion – Higher

Plant organisation

Plant hormones 2 Sub-Topics

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Auxin and phototropism

Core practical

Animal coordination, control and homeostasis

Coordination and control – The human endocrine system 7 Sub-Topics

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Human endocrine system

Negative feedback systems in hormonal control – Higher

Thyroxine

Adrenaline

Control of blood glucose concentration by pancreas and insulin

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Role of glucagon in control of blood sugar levels – Higher

Hormones in human reproduction 5 Sub-Topics

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The role of reproductive hormones in the menstrual cycle

Oestrogen and progesterone in the control of the menstrual cycle

Hormonal methods of contraception

Non-hormonal methods of contraception

Reproductive technologies to treat infertility using hormones – Higher

Homeostasis in humans 8 Sub-Topics

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Body temperature and the thermoregulatory centre

Importance of water balance in the body

Maintaining nitrogen balance in the body

Maintaining water balance in the body

Scientific calculations – Translate tables and bar charts

The effect of ADH on tubule permeability and in water balance

The consequences of kidney damage or disease

Treating kidney failure by transplant

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Edexcel GCSE Biology – by BBC bitesize

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